Q. What are the types of congenital heart diseases?
Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.
Congenital heart diseases are a group of disorders that are present at birth and affect the structure and functioning of the heart. They can be caused by genetic mutations, environmental factors (such as certain medications taken during pregnancy), or both. These conditions range from mild to severe, depending on the type and extent of abnormality involved.
The most common types of congenital heart defects include:
• Atrial septal defect (ASD): An ASD is a hole between two chambers in the upper part of the heart. It’s relatively common, often not noticed until adulthood. Treatment may involve surgery or medications to reduce symptoms.
• Ventricular septal defect (VSD): A VSD is a hole between two chambers in the lower part of the heart that causes oxygen-rich blood from one chamber to mix with oxygen-poor blood from another chamber, resulting in reduced oxygen levels throughout your body and making it difficult for your body to function properly. Treatment may include surgery or medication therapy to address any related complications such as high blood pressure or arrhythmia.
• Coarctation of the aorta: Coarctation is a narrowing in an area near where your pulmonary artery branches off your main artery—the aorta—causing decreased blood pressure downstream and resulting in reduced oxygen supply throughout parts of your body including organs like kidney and intestines. This disorder can be treated with medications if mild enough; more severe cases may require open-heart surgery for repair.
• Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): PDA occurs when an opening remains between two major arteries after birth instead closing as it should–the pulmonic artery connects directly into the larger descending thoracic artery instead–which means there's increased circulation which results in excess strain on other organs including lungs leading to turbulence within them due to overcirculation causing complex health issues including breathing problems later down life line if left untreated . Surgery is typically required along with medication therapy afterwards for full recovery..
• Tetralogy of Fallot: Also known as “blue baby syndrome” because children born with this disorder have difficulty getting enough oxygenated red blood cells; usually requires multiple repairs over time through surgical interventions due its complexity involving four different issues found within their hearts-- ventricular septal defect , pulmonary stenosis , right ventricular hypertrophy , overriding aorta .
Q. Hello Doctor, from past 3 weeks I have too much dandruff problem and it cause hair loss will you suggest any best solution for this?
Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.
Answered by Secondmedic ExpertDealing with excessive dandruff leading to hair loss can be frustrating, but there are effective ways to address this issue. Here's what you can do:
1. Switch to a Gentle Shampoo: Opt for shampoos specifically designed for dandruff, containing ingredients like ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, coal tar, or selenium sulfide. Use these shampoos regularly to reduce dandruff buildup.
2. Scalp Massage: Gently massage your scalp while shampooing to help remove flakes and improve blood circulation, which can promote healthier hair growth.
3. Avoid Hot Water: Wash your hair with lukewarm water instead of hot water, as hot water can dry out your scalp and worsen dandruff.
4. Balanced Diet: Ensure you're eating a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals essential for healthy hair and scalp, such as omega-3 fatty acids, zinc, and B vitamins.
5. Manage Stress: Stress can exacerbate dandruff problems. Practice stress-relief techniques like meditation, yoga, or regular exercise to help manage stress levels.
6. Apple Cider Vinegar Rinse: Consider using diluted apple cider vinegar as a rinse after shampooing. It can help restore the scalp's pH balance and reduce dandruff.
7. Consult a Dermatologist: If the issue persists despite trying home remedies or over-the-counter solutions, seek advice from a dermatologist. They can provide a personalized treatment plan tailored to your specific scalp condition.
Remember, consistency is key when dealing with dandruff. Give these remedies some time to work, as immediate results might not always occur. It's essential to find what works best for your scalp, so don't get discouraged if you don't see immediate improvements.
Taking care of your scalp health not only addresses dandruff but also aids in reducing hair loss associated with this issue. Feel free to incorporate these tips into your routine and observe how your scalp responds. If the problem persists or worsens, seeking professional guidance is always recommended.
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