Q. What causes our eyes to become itchy?
Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.
Itchiness in the eyes can be caused by a variety of factors, and it is a common symptom of several underlying conditions. Some of the most common causes of itchy eyes include:
1. Allergies: Allergic reactions are a leading cause of itchy eyes. When your eyes come into contact with allergens such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or certain foods, your immune system may release histamines, which can cause itching, redness, and other allergy symptoms.
2. Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): This is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent layer of tissue that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inner surface of the eyelids. It can be caused by allergies, viruses, bacteria, or irritants, and it often leads to redness and itching of the eyes.
3. Dry Eye Syndrome: When your eyes don't produce enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly, your eyes can become dry and irritated, leading to itching and a gritty sensation. This condition can be caused by various factors, including aging, environmental factors, medications, and underlying health conditions.
4. Eye Irritants: Exposure to irritants such as smoke, pollution, chemicals, or foreign objects can lead to eye irritation and itching.
5. Contact Lenses: Some people may experience eye itching and discomfort when wearing contact lenses, especially if the lenses are not properly cleaned or if the individual has an allergic reaction to lens materials or solutions.
6. Blepharitis: This is an inflammation of the eyelid margins, often caused by bacteria or other factors. It can lead to itching, redness, and the feeling of something in the eye.
7. Eye Infections: Infections of the eye, such as bacterial or viral infections, can cause itching and discomfort.
8. Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: Dysfunction of the meibomian glands, which produce the oily component of tears, can lead to dry eyes and associated itching.
9. Systemic Conditions: In some cases, systemic health conditions like autoimmune diseases or thyroid disorders can cause eye symptoms, including itching.
It's important to note that persistent or severe eye itching should be evaluated by a healthcare professional, such as an eye doctor (ophthalmologist) or allergist, to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment. They can recommend specific treatments, such as antihistamine eye drops for allergies, artificial tears for dry eyes, or antibiotics for infections, depending on the diagnosis. Avoid rubbing your eyes when they itch, as this can worsen the irritation and potentially lead to complications.