Q. What is the vaccine schedule for children and adults?
Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.
Vaccine schedules for children and adults vary based on factors such as age, health conditions, and regional guidelines. Recommendations are often provided by national health authorities and may be subject to updates as new vaccines are developed or as public health priorities evolve. Below are general guidelines for vaccine schedules in the United States. Please note that these recommendations may differ in other countries, so it's essential to consult local health authorities for the most accurate information.
Vaccine Schedule for Children (United States):
1. Birth:
- Hepatitis B vaccine (typically given in the hospital shortly after birth).
2. 2 Months:
- DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis) vaccine.
- Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) vaccine.
- IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine).
- PCV13 (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine).
- RV (Rotavirus vaccine).
3. 4 Months:
- DTaP, Hib, IPV, PCV13, RV (booster dose).
4. 6 Months:
- DTaP, Hib, IPV, PCV13, RV (final dose).
- Hepatitis B (if not completed at birth).
5. 12-15 Months:
- MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) vaccine.
- Varicella (Chickenpox) vaccine.
- Hepatitis A vaccine (given in two doses at least six months apart).
6. 18 Months:
- DTaP, Hib, IPV (booster dose).
7. 4-6 Years:
- DTaP, MMR, Varicella (booster doses).
8. 11-12 Years:
- Tdap (Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis) vaccine.
- HPV (Human Papillomavirus) vaccine (given in two doses for individuals starting the series before the age of 15, or three doses if starting at 15 or older).
- Meningococcal conjugate vaccine.
Vaccine Schedule for Adults (United States):
1. Influenza (Flu) Vaccine:
- Recommended annually.
2. Tdap Vaccine:
- A single dose as a booster for adults who haven't received a Tdap vaccine previously.
3. Tetanus and Diphtheria (Td) Vaccine:
- A booster every 10 years.
4. HPV Vaccine:
- Recommended for certain age groups (up to age 26 for females, up to age 21 for males, and up to age 26 for some males who have sex with men and immunocompromised individuals).
5. MMR Vaccine:
- For adults born in 1957 or later, at least one dose of MMR if not previously vaccinated or if immunity is uncertain.
6. Varicella Vaccine:
- For adults without evidence of immunity, two doses are recommended.
7. Pneumococcal Vaccines:
- Recommended for adults aged 65 and older and certain high-risk groups.
8. Hepatitis B Vaccine:
- For adults at risk of hepatitis B infection.
9. Meningococcal Vaccines:
- Recommended for certain high-risk groups.
10. Zoster Vaccine:
- Recommended for adults aged 50 and older.
Vaccine schedules can be modified based on individual health conditions and risk factors. Consultation with healthcare providers is crucial to ensuring that individuals receive the appropriate vaccinations at the right time. Additionally, public health recommendations may change, so it's important to stay updated with the latest guidelines from health authorities.
Q. Hello Doctor, from past 3 weeks I have too much dandruff problem and it cause hair loss will you suggest any best solution for this?
Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.
Answered by Secondmedic ExpertDealing with excessive dandruff leading to hair loss can be frustrating, but there are effective ways to address this issue. Here's what you can do:
1. Switch to a Gentle Shampoo: Opt for shampoos specifically designed for dandruff, containing ingredients like ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, coal tar, or selenium sulfide. Use these shampoos regularly to reduce dandruff buildup.
2. Scalp Massage: Gently massage your scalp while shampooing to help remove flakes and improve blood circulation, which can promote healthier hair growth.
3. Avoid Hot Water: Wash your hair with lukewarm water instead of hot water, as hot water can dry out your scalp and worsen dandruff.
4. Balanced Diet: Ensure you're eating a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals essential for healthy hair and scalp, such as omega-3 fatty acids, zinc, and B vitamins.
5. Manage Stress: Stress can exacerbate dandruff problems. Practice stress-relief techniques like meditation, yoga, or regular exercise to help manage stress levels.
6. Apple Cider Vinegar Rinse: Consider using diluted apple cider vinegar as a rinse after shampooing. It can help restore the scalp's pH balance and reduce dandruff.
7. Consult a Dermatologist: If the issue persists despite trying home remedies or over-the-counter solutions, seek advice from a dermatologist. They can provide a personalized treatment plan tailored to your specific scalp condition.
Remember, consistency is key when dealing with dandruff. Give these remedies some time to work, as immediate results might not always occur. It's essential to find what works best for your scalp, so don't get discouraged if you don't see immediate improvements.
Taking care of your scalp health not only addresses dandruff but also aids in reducing hair loss associated with this issue. Feel free to incorporate these tips into your routine and observe how your scalp responds. If the problem persists or worsens, seeking professional guidance is always recommended.
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