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Published on: Apr 04, 2020
3 minute read
By: Dr Rajan Choudhary

Declaring A Pandemic — What Does This Mean ?

Its finally happened. Three months after the first case was reported in Wuhan, China, and after a 13 fold increase in cases in just two weeks, the World Health Organisation has designated COVID-19 a pandemic. This disease has resulted in over 121,500 confirmed cases across 114 nations, and 4,300 deaths, over 3,000 of them in China alone.

The WHO has shown alarm at some countries that have shown “alarming levels of inaction” and hope the new designation of pandemic will shock these nations into action. “This is not just a public health crisis, it is a crisis that will touch every sector,” said Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO director-general, at a media briefing. “So every sector and every individual must be involved in the fights.”

Despite this new update, it is not too late for nations to act, and countries can still impact the course of the outbreak by detecting, testing, treating and isolating patient, with further education to the public and contact tracing of cases.

WHAT IS A PANDEMIC

An epidemic is an increase in the spread of a disease within a community, and can be relatively common. Sometimes a single disease may spread rapidly in a small, unprepared community creating an epidemic. This is happening more often with the prevalence of the anti-vaxx movement, as immunity falters against preventable diseases like measles.

A pandemic on the other hand is the global outbreak of a serious new illness that is “sustainably transmitted throughout the world”. It is not a descriptor that is used lightly, as declaring a pandemic could “cause unreasonable fear, or unjustified acceptance that the fight is over,” if used incorrectly. There has been much discussion whether the declaration of N1N1 “swine flu” as a pandemic caused unnecessary panic, overwhelmed emergency services or caused excessive expenditure on antiviral medication.

Though they were concerned by the spread of the disease and came close by labelling it a “pandemic potential”, the WHO were reluctant to declare it one. Unfortunately, after 2 months of assessing the outbreak, members of the WHO were concerned “both by the alarming levels of spread and severity, and by the alarming levels of inaction.” There is no threshold, number of deaths, number of countries affected.

WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR THE COUNTRIES?

According to the World Bank, the annual global cost of a severe pandemic is around $570 billion, or 0.7% of the entire world’s income. This estimation is realised as more people stay at home and more authoritative measures are enforced by governments. At this time, Italy has not put in place nationwide quarantine with further closure of almost all shops and services bar food shops and chemists.

The UK is expected to move from the “containment” phase of the outbreak, aimed at halting the spread of the disease”, to “delay”. This instead accepts the disease cannot be contained, and instead looks to slow its progression. Measures such as “social distancing”, isolation of those showing minor viral symptoms and cancellation of social events. To prepare for the UK epidemic a £30bn package has been prepared to boost the economy during the COVID outbreak.

India has suspended all tourist visas and e-visas until April 15ht as a pandemic is declared. All incoming travellers including Indian nationals will be quarantined for a minimum of 14 days if they have visited China, Italy, Iran, Korea, France, Spain and Germany after 15ht February. Advice has also been given to avoid all non-essential travel abroad.

South Korea has ramped up testing, performing around 4,000 tests per million people between 3rd January and 11th March. In comparison to 1,000 per million in Italy, 400 per million in the UK and only 28 in the UK. This has been due to differences in government responses, the severity of outbreaks in each country and the nature of the healthcare system in each country.

The steady decrease in new coronavirus cases in South Korea has been attributed to this mass testing, improved public communications and the use of new technology to aid diagnosis and management. Interestingly it has been achieved without the drastic quarantine procedures in place in China and Italy.

WHAT SHOULD I DO

Washing your hands has been emphasised by almost all public health agencies and governments. And you should continue to follow this advice. Soap and water is one of the most effective ways to destroy the virus on your hands, and helps prevent its spread.

It is also important to avoid panic, and to not hoard soap, food and toilet roll. Do not trust forwards on WhatsApp or treatment advice suggested, as these can be ineffective or even dangerous. Recently 27 people died from alcohol poisoning after a myth was spread stating strong alcohol could cure coronavirus.

Similarly be wary of false cures being sold online or by un reputable stores. Currently there is no cure for COVID, and supportive treatment is required for those who fall extremely ill.

If you have symptoms of COVID-19, you should self-isolate and notify your local health authorities. Symptoms include fever, cough, sneezing, general lethargy and joint pain, symptoms similar to the flu.

If you have confirmed COVID and have been asked to quarantine yourself, PLEASE STAY INDOORS. There have been instances of infected people continuing to partake in everyday activities, resulting in the spread of the infection, sometimes to vulnerable children and the elderly.

Dr Rajan Choudhary, Product Head, Second Medic Inc, UK

www.secondmedic.com

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5K Run for a Cause: How Community Fitness Drives Preventive Health Awareness

Physical activity is one of the most effective tools for disease prevention, yet it remains underutilised in everyday life. Community-based fitness initiatives such as a 5K Run for a Cause play a powerful role in bridging this gap by making movement accessible, meaningful and socially engaging. These events combine the benefits of exercise with awareness-building, creating lasting impact on public health.

In India, lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and obesity are rising rapidly. According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), physical inactivity is a major contributor to this growing burden. Events that encourage structured, enjoyable physical activity help counter this trend.

What Is a 5K Run for a Cause?

A 5K Run for a Cause is a short-distance running or walking event designed to promote fitness while supporting a health, social or community objective. Participants may run, jog or walk the 5-kilometre distance, making the event inclusive for people of varying fitness levels.

Beyond physical activity, these runs aim to:

raise awareness about preventive health
encourage active lifestyles
build community participation
support wellness-driven causes

Why 5K Is an Ideal Distance

The 5-kilometre distance is widely recognised as:

achievable for beginners
challenging enough to promote fitness
safe for most age groups with minimal training

WHO physical activity guidelines support moderate-intensity exercise like running or brisk walking for improving cardiovascular and metabolic health.

Health Benefits of Participating in a 5K Run

Improved Cardiovascular Health

Running and brisk walking strengthen the heart, improve circulation and lower blood pressure. Regular participation reduces the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Better Metabolic Health

Physical activity improves insulin sensitivity and supports weight management. ICMR data shows that regular movement significantly reduces diabetes risk.

Enhanced Mental Wellbeing

Exercise releases endorphins that reduce stress, anxiety and depression. Community runs add a social element that further supports mental health.

Improved Musculoskeletal Strength

Running strengthens muscles, bones and joints, reducing the risk of age-related mobility issues.

Role of 5K Runs in Preventive Healthcare

Preventive healthcare focuses on reducing disease risk before illness develops. A 5K Run for a Cause supports prevention by:

promoting physical activity
encouraging regular movement habits
raising awareness about lifestyle diseases
motivating health-conscious behaviour

NITI Aayog identifies physical activity promotion as a key pillar of preventive healthcare in India.

Community Impact of a 5K Run for a Cause

Building Health Awareness

Runs often highlight specific causes such as heart health, diabetes prevention or mental wellbeing, reinforcing public health messages.

Strengthening Social Bonds

Community participation fosters shared goals and mutual motivation, increasing long-term adherence to healthy habits.

Encouraging Family Participation

Inclusive events encourage families to adopt healthier lifestyles together.

5K Runs and Corporate Wellness Programs

Corporate wellness programs increasingly include physical activity initiatives.

Benefits for organisations include:

improved employee engagement
reduced absenteeism
enhanced team bonding
positive employer branding

EY-FICCI reports show that wellness initiatives focused on physical activity deliver strong participation and measurable health benefits.

Accessibility and Inclusivity

A key strength of 5K runs is inclusivity.

They accommodate:

first-time runners
walkers
older adults
people transitioning to active lifestyles

This inclusiveness reduces barriers to participation.

Supporting Long-Term Behaviour Change

One-time events create awareness, but their true value lies in inspiring long-term change.

Participants often:

continue walking or running regularly
become more conscious of fitness
seek preventive health checkups

Lancet studies indicate that community-based physical activity initiatives can influence long-term health behaviours.

Safety and Health Considerations

For safe participation:

individuals should assess fitness levels
warm-up and cool-down are essential
hydration should be prioritised
those with medical conditions should seek medical advice

Proper guidance ensures benefits without injury.

Role of Awareness and Education

Successful runs integrate education through:

health talks
informational materials
screening camps
wellness resources

This combination reinforces preventive health messages.

Measuring Impact

Impact can be assessed through:

participation rates
follow-up health initiatives
employee engagement metrics
community feedback

Data-driven evaluation improves future program design.

Why 5K Runs Matter in India

India faces challenges such as:

rising sedentary lifestyles
limited health awareness
increasing chronic disease burden

Community fitness events provide a scalable, low-cost solution to promote active living and prevention.

Conclusion

A 5K Run for a Cause is more than a fitness event—it is a preventive health movement. By combining physical activity with purpose, these runs encourage healthier lifestyles, strengthen community bonds and raise awareness about long-term wellbeing. In a country where lifestyle diseases are growing rapidly, initiatives that make movement accessible and meaningful are essential. A simple 5K run can be a powerful step toward a healthier, more active society.

References

ICMR – Physical Activity and Lifestyle Disease Prevention Reports
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) – Physical Activity and Health Data
NITI Aayog – Preventive Healthcare and Physical Activity Promotion Strategy
WHO – Physical Activity and Health Guideline
Lancet – Community Fitness and Preventive Health Studies
Statista – Fitness Events and Participation Trends India
EY-FICCI – Corporate Wellness and Physical Activity Reports

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