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Published on: Jun 10, 2021
1 minute read
By: Dr Rachana Choudhary

How To Travel Safely During COVID Times.

As more people are vaccinated for COVID-19, many are looking forward to being able to travel again. While many restrictions have been lifted, COVID-19 has not gone away. So how safe is it to travel?

Vaccination- So what is the most important step to ensuring safe travel Without a doubt, the most important thing people can do to protect themselves is to get vaccinated for COVID-19. I recommend that all eligible people get vaccinated for COVID-19. That is going to dramatically decrease your risk of getting infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and also dramatically decrease the risk that even if you were infected, you could transmit it to others.

Masks – The most important thing is to know if fully vaccinated travelers still required to wear a mask on an airplane. Yes, because we still have a considerable number of people in who are not vaccinated yet. And on airplanes, people are in close proximity for a longer period of time.

Beyond getting vaccinated for COVID-19 and wearing a mask in airports, and on planes, buses, and trains it's also still important to practice good hand hygiene and keep your area clean with disinfectant wipes.

Monitor Symptoms & Quarantine - What steps should we take when you return from travel? When people return from travel, some may wonder whether they should be tested for COVID-19. The need to test depends on where they're traveling from. There's no need to be tested and there's need to quarantine. Most importantly we should continue to monitor for symptoms.

If at any time during or after travel people start to develop symptoms that are consistent with COVID-19, such as, fever, shortness of breath, or loss of taste or smell, they should be evaluated by a provider and likely be tested for COVID-19.

What should people who are traveling with children do?

For families looking to plan a summer getaway with children who are not yet eligible to be vaccinated for COVID-19, they can still travel safely. It just takes a little bit of thought and planning. If you have children who are unvaccinated, that is probably not the time to bring them to areas where lots of people are congregating because we know they're still at risk of getting infected with COVID-19 if other people in that area are not vaccinated for COVID-19 and can transmit the virus. Even if your children are fastidious masking, there's still a risk.

If you have unvaccinated children, I think it's still safe to fly. But of course, they will always be masked. If you go to places that are more outdoors in more open space, where you're not congregated with lots of other people, I think it's very safe. You just have to think through the steps of what's going to happen on the vacation and position things so that you're not putting your unvaccinated children at risk."

Whether traveling or just attending events with large amounts of people, the bottom line is precautions still need to be taken.

We still do have people getting infected with COVID-19. We still have people being hospitalized. And, unfortunately, we still have people who are dying, as well. So, we're not completely done with this. We still have to be careful.

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Tuberculosis Symptoms and Treatment: Early Signs, Diagnosis, and Recovery

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest known infectious diseases and continues to be a major public health concern, especially in developing countries. India accounts for a significant proportion of global TB cases, despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. The good news is that tuberculosis is preventable, treatable and curable when detected early and managed properly.

Understanding tuberculosis symptoms and treatment is critical for reducing disease spread, preventing complications and achieving complete recovery.

What Is Tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also involve other parts of the body such as:

lymph nodes
bones and joints
kidneys
brain

TB spreads through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes or speaks.

Why Tuberculosis Remains a Major Health Issue

According to the World Health Organization and ICMR data:

millions of new TB cases are reported annually
delayed diagnosis increases transmission
incomplete treatment leads to drug resistance

Early detection and treatment are key to TB control.

Common Tuberculosis Symptoms

TB symptoms often develop gradually and may be mild in the early stages, leading to delayed diagnosis.

Persistent Cough

A cough lasting more than two to three weeks is a hallmark symptom of pulmonary TB.

The cough may:

be dry or productive
worsen over time
sometimes produce blood

Fever and Night Sweats

Low-grade fever, especially in the evenings, is common.

Night sweats that soak clothing or bedding are a classic TB sign.

Unexplained Weight Loss

TB increases metabolic demand and reduces appetite, leading to significant weight loss.

Fatigue and Weakness

Persistent tiredness and reduced stamina occur due to chronic infection.

Chest Pain

Chest discomfort or pain may occur during coughing or breathing.

Symptoms of Extra-Pulmonary TB

When TB affects organs outside the lungs, symptoms depend on the site involved and may include:

swollen lymph nodes
bone or joint pain
headaches or neurological symptoms
urinary issues

Why TB Symptoms Are Often Ignored

Many TB symptoms resemble common infections or general weakness.

This leads to:

delayed medical consultation
prolonged transmission
disease progression

Awareness improves early detection.

How Tuberculosis Is Diagnosed

Diagnosis involves a combination of:

sputum tests
chest X-ray
molecular tests such as CBNAAT
blood tests and imaging for extra-pulmonary TB

Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment.

Tuberculosis Treatment Explained

TB treatment involves a combination of antibiotics taken over a fixed duration.

Standard TB Treatment

For drug-sensitive TB, treatment typically lasts:

6 months

The regimen includes multiple antibiotics taken in phases to ensure complete bacterial clearance.

Importance of Treatment Adherence

TB bacteria are slow-growing and resilient.

Stopping treatment early can result in:

incomplete cure
relapse
drug-resistant TB

Completing the full course is essential.

Drug-Resistant TB

If TB bacteria become resistant to standard drugs, treatment becomes longer and more complex.

Drug-resistant TB requires:

specialised medications
longer treatment duration
close medical supervision

Prevention of resistance depends on correct treatment from the start.

Side Effects of TB Treatment

Some individuals may experience side effects such as:

nausea
loss of appetite
mild liver enzyme changes

Most side effects are manageable with medical guidance and do not require stopping treatment.

TB and Public Health

TB is not just an individual health issue but a community concern.

Effective TB control requires:

early diagnosis
treatment adherence
contact tracing
public awareness

India’s national TB elimination programmes focus on these strategies.

Preventing Tuberculosis

Preventive measures include:

early detection and treatment of active TB
improving nutrition and immunity
adequate ventilation in living spaces
screening close contacts

BCG vaccination offers partial protection, especially in children.

Living With and Recovering From TB

With proper treatment:

symptoms gradually improve
infection becomes non-contagious
normal life can be resumed

Regular follow-up ensures complete recovery.

When to Seek Medical Help

Consult a healthcare provider if experiencing:

cough lasting more than two weeks
unexplained weight loss
persistent fever or night sweats
blood in sputum

Early action saves lives and prevents spread.

Long-Term Outlook After TB Treatment

Most individuals who complete treatment:

recover fully
regain normal lung function
return to daily activities

Long-term complications are rare with timely care.

Conclusion

Tuberculosis symptoms and treatment must be understood clearly to combat this preventable and curable disease. Persistent cough, fever, night sweats and weight loss should never be ignored. Early diagnosis, complete treatment adherence and regular follow-up are essential for curing TB and preventing transmission. With proper medical care and public awareness, tuberculosis can be effectively controlled and eliminated as a public health threat.

References

Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) – Tuberculosis Epidemiology and Treatment Guidelines
World Health Organization (WHO) – Global Tuberculosis Report
National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) – Government of India
Lancet Infectious Diseases – TB Diagnosis and Treatment Outcomes
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) – Infectious Disease Indicators
Statista – Global Tuberculosis Burden and Trends

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