• Published on: Jan 06, 2025
  • 3 minute read
  • By: SecondMedic Expert

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Treatment & Symptoms

  • WhatsApp share link icon
  • copy & share link icon
  • twitter share link icon
  • facebook share link icon

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus that has been increasingly recognized for its significant impact on public health. Often compared to its close relative, the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), HMPV primarily affects the respiratory system, particularly in vulnerable groups such as children, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems. In this blog, we will explore HMPV symptoms, its diagnosis, treatment options, and how it compares to RSV.

What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?

HMPV is a paramyxovirus first identified in 2001. It is a leading cause of pediatric respiratory infections, though it can also infect adults. HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, or close contact with an infected person. The virus is highly contagious, especially in crowded spaces such as schools, daycare centres, and nursing homes.

HMPV Symptoms

The symptoms of HMPV are similar to those of other respiratory infections, which can make it challenging to differentiate without specific testing. Common HMPV symptoms include:

  • Fever: Often mild to moderate.

  • Cough: Persistent coughing is one of the hallmark signs.

  • Runny Nose: Nasal congestion and discharge are common.

  • Shortness of Breath: Especially in severe cases.

  • Sore Throat: A frequent symptom in adults.

  • Wheezing: Often seen in pediatric HMPV symptoms.

In children, HMPV symptoms may escalate to severe respiratory distress, requiring immediate medical attention. Pediatric respiratory infections caused by HMPV are a leading cause of hospitalizations during seasonal outbreaks.

How is HMPV Diagnosed?

HMPV diagnosis requires specific laboratory tests since the symptoms often mimic those of other viral infections, such as RSV and the flu. The diagnosis process usually involves:

  1. Clinical Assessment: A healthcare provider will evaluate symptoms and the patient’s medical history.

  2. Nasopharyngeal Swab: A sample is taken from the nose or throat for laboratory testing.

  3. PCR Testing: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests detect HMPV’s genetic material with high accuracy.

  4. Serological Tests: These detect antibodies specific to HMPV.

Early HMPV diagnosis is crucial to prevent complications, especially in high-risk groups such as young children and older adults.

HMPV vs RSV: Key Differences

While both HMPV and RSV belong to the same virus family and cause similar symptoms, there are notable differences:

Feature

HMPV

RSV

Age Group Affected

All ages; severe in children

Primarily infants and elderly

Seasonality

Spring and winter

Winter

Complications

Pneumonia, bronchiolitis

Bronchiolitis, severe wheezing

Understanding these distinctions can help guide diagnosis and treatment plans more effectively.

Treatment Options for HMPV

Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for HMPV infection in adults or children. The management of HMPV primarily involves supportive care, which includes:

  1. Hydration: Keeping the patient hydrated to prevent complications.

  2. Rest: Allowing the body’s immune system to recover.

  3. Medications: Over-the-counter medications can alleviate symptoms such as fever and congestion.

  4. Oxygen Therapy: Required in severe cases to address breathing difficulties.

For pediatric HMPV symptoms that become severe, hospitalization may be necessary for oxygen supplementation and closer monitoring.

Preventing HMPV Infections

Prevention plays a vital role in reducing the spread of HMPV. Here are some effective strategies:

  • Good Hygiene: Regular handwashing with soap and water.

  • Avoiding Close Contact: Keeping distance from individuals showing symptoms of respiratory infections.

  • Disinfecting Surfaces: Cleaning high-touch surfaces frequently.

  • Wearing Masks: Especially during peak seasons.

Vaccines for HMPV are under development but are not yet widely available.

Why Choose a Second Medic for HMPV Diagnosis and Care?

At Second Medic Health Hub, we offer comprehensive diagnostic services to detect and manage respiratory infections, including HMPV. Our services include:

  • Advanced Diagnostic Testing: State-of-the-art PCR tests for accurate detection of HMPV.

  • Expert Consultation: Access to experienced paediatricians and pulmonologists.

  • Tailored Care Plans: Customized treatment plans for both children and adults.

  • Follow-Up Services: Ensuring complete recovery with regular follow-ups.

Conclusion

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a significant cause of respiratory illness, particularly in children and the elderly. Recognizing HMPV symptoms and seeking timely diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications. At Second Medic, we are committed to providing accurate diagnostic services and personalized care for all respiratory infections.

Protect your family by staying informed and taking preventive measures. For expert advice and comprehensive care, book your consultation with Second Medic today!


 

Read FAQs


A. HMPV symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, shortness of breath, and wheezing. In children, symptoms may escalate to severe respiratory distress requiring immediate medical attention.

A. HMPV is diagnosed through clinical assessments, nasopharyngeal swabs, and advanced tests such as PCR or serological testing to detect the virus or specific antibodies.

A. Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for HMPV. Supportive care includes hydration, rest, symptom-relieving medications, and oxygen therapy in severe cases. Second Medic provides comprehensive care for respiratory infections, including HMPV.

Read Blog
Signs of Anemia

Signs of Anemia and How to Boost Your Iron Naturally

Have you been feeling tired, weak, or lightheaded lately? You might be lacking iron — a mineral that your body needs to make healthy red blood cells. When your body doesn’t have enough iron, it may lead to anemia, a common condition that affects millions of people around the world.

In this blog, we’ll talk about what anemia is, its common signs, and how you can improve your iron levels naturally through your diet and lifestyle.

 

What Is Anemia?

Anemia happens when your blood doesn’t have enough red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. Without enough oxygen, your body can’t function properly, and you may feel weak or tired.

One of the most common types of anemia is iron-deficiency anemia, which occurs when your body doesn’t have enough iron to produce hemoglobin.

 

Common Signs of Anemia

Anemia can develop slowly, and in the early stages, you might not notice any symptoms. But as it worsens, you may experience:

1. Fatigue and Weakness

This is the most common symptom. If you find yourself feeling tired all the time, even after getting enough sleep, it might be due to low iron levels.

2. Pale or Yellowish Skin

A noticeable change in your skin tone, especially in your face, inner eyelids, or hands, could be a sign that you lack hemoglobin.

3. Shortness of Breath

You may find it difficult to breathe after light physical activities like walking up stairs or doing household chores.

4. Rapid Heartbeat

Your heart may work harder to carry oxygen through your body, which could lead to a fast or irregular heartbeat.

5. Cold Hands and Feet

Poor circulation caused by anemia can make your hands and feet feel unusually cold.

6. Headaches or Dizziness

Less oxygen reaching your brain can result in frequent headaches or a feeling of lightheadedness.

7. Brittle Nails and Hair Loss

Iron deficiency affects keratin production, making your nails break easily and your hair fall out more than usual.

8. Craving for Non-Food Items (Pica)

People with anemia sometimes crave things like ice, clay, or chalk. This is a condition known as pica and is often linked to iron deficiency.

 

How to Boost Your Iron Naturally

If you suspect that you’re iron deficient, it’s important to talk to a doctor. But along with medical advice, there are also natural ways to increase your iron levels through diet and lifestyle.

Here are some easy and healthy ways to do that:

 

1. Eat Iron-Rich Foods

There are two types of iron in food:

  • Heme iron – Found in animal products like red meat, chicken, and fish. It is more easily absorbed by the body.
     

  • Non-heme iron – Found in plant-based foods like lentils, beans, spinach, and tofu. It’s less easily absorbed but still beneficial.
     

Top iron-rich foods to include in your diet:

  • Red meat (beef, lamb)

  • Chicken and turkey

  • Eggs

  • Lentils and beans

  • Spinach and kale

  • Pumpkin seeds and sunflower seeds

  • Tofu and soybeans

  • Whole grains (oats, quinoa, brown rice)
     

 

2. Pair Iron with Vitamin C

Vitamin C helps your body absorb non-heme iron better. Try combining iron-rich foods with foods high in vitamin C such as:

  • Oranges

  • Strawberries

  • Tomatoes

  • Bell peppers

  • Broccoli

  • Kiwi
     

For example, you can squeeze lemon juice over your spinach salad or have an orange with your breakfast cereal.

 

3. Avoid Iron Blockers

Some foods and drinks can reduce iron absorption if consumed in large amounts, especially during meals:

  • Tea and coffee (contain tannins)

  • Dairy products (high in calcium)

  • Foods high in phytates like some whole grains and legumes
     

Try to drink tea or coffee between meals instead of with your iron-rich meals.

 

4. Cook in Cast Iron Cookware

Believe it or not, cooking in cast iron pans can actually increase the iron content in your food, especially with acidic foods like tomatoes or curries.

 

5. Avoid Crash Diets

Skipping meals or following extreme diets can lead to nutritional deficiencies, including iron. Eat balanced meals and ensure you get enough calories and nutrients every day.

 

6. Check for Blood Loss

Women are more prone to iron-deficiency anemia due to menstrual blood loss. Conditions like ulcers or internal bleeding can also lower iron levels. If you suspect this might be a cause, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional.

 

When to See a Doctor

If you’re experiencing multiple symptoms mentioned above, it’s a good idea to get a blood test to check your iron levels and overall health. Anemia is treatable, and early detection can prevent serious complications.

Depending on your test results, your doctor may recommend iron supplements or investigate other underlying causes.

 

Final Thoughts

Iron is a vital mineral for your health, and ignoring the signs of anemia can lead to serious health issues. The good news is that by making a few dietary and lifestyle changes, you can improve your iron levels naturally and feel more energetic and healthy again.

If you’ve been noticing signs like fatigue, pale skin, or shortness of breath, don’t wait — listen to your body and take action.

Want to learn more about the Signs of Anemia and How to Boost Your Iron Naturally? Visit SecondMedic for trusted medical advice and easy access to lab tests and online doctor consultations!

See all

Live Doctor consultation
Live Doctor Chat

Download Our App & Get Consultation from anywhere.

App Download
call icon for mobile number calling and whatsapp at secondmedic