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Published on: Apr 20, 2020
3 minute read
By: Dr Rajan Choudhary

Is Herd Immunity A Valid Strategy For COVID 19?

Yesterday we explained you what Herd Immunity means and how it works, today we will take the discussion further to determine whether it is effective and can be recommended in the current context.

COVID-19 currently does not have a cure or a vaccine. Lockdown is the only strategy that appears to be working. Could implementing policies that encourages herd immunity be used to accelerate immunity in the population without the need for a vaccine?

INFECTIVITY

For the strategy to work we need to know a few things about the virus. How infective is it? In one of our earliest blogs we discussed infectivity at length and determined that the R0 (infectivity) may be between 2 and 3. This means each person with the virus can infect around 2-3 people at a time. Whilst this is not as high as Mumps (10-12) it is much higher than the common flu. The higher the R0 the more people that need to be immunised before herd immunity is achieved. For COVID it is estimated that 70% of the population need to be infected.

This is based off our current testing. Due to shortages in testing kits, only testing those that have a high likelihood of being infected and poorly organised testing infrastructure in some countries, we are likely underestimating. The number of people infected may be much higher as we are missing those that are asymptomatic but still have the disease and are still passing the disease on.

MORTALITY

Secondly, we need to know the mortality from COVID-19. Early estimates of mortality were as high as 10%, as we had little data on how many people were truly infected, but as the number of infected cases rose, and testing amongst the infected and symptomatic population rose, a more accurate mortality has been found to be around 1%. There is a risk we may still be underestimating the true mortality, as some cities have noted a spike in cardiac deaths, and some evidence supports possible cardiac damage due to COVID. But from the data we have, we know its mortality is lower than MERS (34%) and SARS (10%) but more than influenza (0.1%).

estimates of the COVID-19 case fatality rate

Whilst we have some data on who is likely to suffer from severe COVID symptoms (elderly, immunocompromised, people with heart or lung problems) we still cannot accurately determine who will get severe COVID in the “low risk” population. Simply because someone is young and healthy does not mean they will not die from COVID.

LENGTH OF IMMUNITY

Third we need to know how long this immunity will last. Similar coronaviruses responsible for the common cold usually create immunity that lasts for a few months, which is why we often get the cold repeatedly. A virus is also very prone to mutations that can change the structure and functions of its proteins, proteins responsible for tagging, latching on to and entering cells. If the structure of these proteins changes enough, then our antibodies will not be able to bind on, and new types of antibodies will have to be made with a slightly different structure. This effectively means our bodies have to start from step 1 again to create immunity, and we have to make new vaccines. This mutation rate is why we have to make new vaccines every season for the flu.

LONG TERM COMPLICATIONS

Finally, we need to know if there are any long-term implications from a viral infection. Again, this is something we do not know yet, as the virus has only been around for a few months. There may be implications for the cardiovascular system, long term breathing problems or more. And even if the complication rate appears relatively low (say, 1%), if millions of people are allowed to get infected, by definitions thousands or tens of thousands of people will have these complications, complications that can lead to issues later in life or an early death.

CONCLUSION

So, is herd immunity a viable strategy for COVID? Without a safe vaccine the general consensus appears to be no.

We don’t know how infective the virus really is or how many people it has infected

A 1% death rate is still very high. This means for every 100 people to be infected; one will die. This would mean hundreds of thousands of people dead in a country with a population over 10 million. It is unacceptably high.

If the death rate is 1%, then hospitalisation rate is likely higher. Almost all countries do not have capacity to have 1% of the population in hospital. Overwhelming the healthcare system will lead to poorer care, and worse care for those who do not have COVID. Leading to more people coming to serious harm or dying as a result of poor healthcare, not because of COVID.

We don’t know the long-term effects of COVID. By purposefully infecting people instead of waiting for a vaccine we may be causing unnecessary damage to a person’s health that only becomes apparent later in life. But this is speculation as we do not currently know if COVID has long term effects,

We don’t know if all of the risks above will amount to anything. The immunity may not last long enough, leading to another spike in infections and mortality.

Mass vaccination appears to be the safest strategy. And though human clinical trials have started on a number of vaccines, we are still months away from deployment. Until then we should not come out of lockdown prematurely, not until we have received an unbiased assessment from public health officials that states it is safe.

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Digital Healthcare Automation India: Enabling Smart Workflows, Faster Care, and a Modern Clinical Ecosystem

Digital healthcare automation is redefining how India delivers medical services, manages clinical operations, and coordinates patient journeys. As hospitals, clinics, and digital health platforms move toward technology-driven processes, automation has become essential for ensuring efficiency, reducing manual work, minimizing delays, and improving care accuracy. In a healthcare system where patient volumes are high and specialist availability is uneven, automation empowers organizations to deliver faster, smarter, and more consistent care.

India’s healthcare automation growth aligns with national initiatives like ABDM (Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission), growing telemedicine adoption, rising digital literacy, and the increased use of AI-based medical tools. SecondMedic integrates automation into every stage of digital care-appointments, reporting, monitoring, follow-ups, and preventive health-allowing users and clinicians to experience a seamless, intelligent healthcare ecosystem.

Digital healthcare automation India is not simply about digitizing manual tasks; it is about augmenting healthcare with intelligent workflows that respond to real-time needs. By reducing repetitive workloads, automation allows clinicians to focus on what matters most: patient care.

Why Automation Matters in Indian Healthcare

India faces significant challenges: overloaded outpatient departments, resource shortages, manual data entry errors, delayed reports, and administrative inefficiencies. Automation addresses these issues by introducing structured, rule-based processes supported by AI and digital tools.

Key systemic challenges automation helps solve:

High patient-to-doctor ratios
Slow movement of information across departments
Inconsistent follow-up and monitoring
Manual errors in documentation and reporting
Unpredictable appointment flow
Inadequate time for patient–doctor interaction

Digital automation supports a more organized, reliable, and high-performance healthcare environment.

What Is Digital Healthcare Automation?

Digital healthcare automation refers to the use of AI, software systems, connected devices, and workflow engines to automate medical and administrative procedures. These tools reduce manual intervention wherever possible and ensure accuracy, repeatability, and continuity.

Core areas of automation include:

Appointment management and scheduling
Electronic medical record updates
Auto-generation of diagnostic summaries
Automated clinical reminders
Medication and health-plan notifications
Remote monitoring and alert systems
Digital report formatting
Workflow optimization for hospital operations

SecondMedic incorporates automation across its telemedicine, diagnostics, monitoring, and preventive-care systems.

Automated Appointment Scheduling and Coordination

Appointment automation is one of the most practical innovations in India’s digital health landscape. Without automation, patients often encounter long queues, missed follow-ups, and scheduling conflicts.

Automated scheduling helps by:

Matching patients to the right doctor
Reducing wait times
Preventing double bookings
Prioritizing urgent cases
Coordinating virtual and in-person consults
Helping doctors manage daily workloads efficiently

SecondMedic’s automated scheduling engine analyzes doctor availability, user urgency, and specialty requirements to optimize appointment flow.

Automation in Diagnostics and Reporting

Medical diagnostics often involve multiple steps that traditionally require human intervention-uploading reports, comparing past results, formatting summaries, highlighting abnormalities, and generating clear interpretations.

Automation enhances diagnostic workflows by:

Auto-organizing digital medical reports
Highlighting abnormal ranges
Identifying missing test values
Summarizing patient history for doctors
Formatting structured reports instantly
Automating comparisons with past results

For AI-based imaging and lab analytics, automation helps radiologists and clinicians detect patterns faster and reduce minor reporting inconsistencies.

Remote Monitoring and Automated Alerts

Remote patient monitoring has grown rapidly in India, especially for chronic diseases. Wearable devices and home-health tools generate continuous data streams. Automation helps turn these raw inputs into actionable insights.

Monitoring automation includes:

Auto-detection of abnormal vitals
Alerts for risky trends
Medication reminders
Follow-up triggers
Predictive alerts using AI
Aggregated health reports for doctors

For chronic care, this ensures timely intervention and reduces emergency visits.

Enhancing Hospital and Clinic Workflows

Healthcare automation in clinical facilities improves operational efficiency and reduces administrative bottlenecks. Hospitals benefit significantly from automated workflows that ensure consistency and speed.

Applications include:

Patient flow management
Automated admission and discharge processes
Digital billing and inventory management
Lab and pharmacy integration
Nursing task automation
Centralized communication dashboards

These improvements reduce patient wait times and improve overall care delivery.

Improving Patient Engagement Through Automation

Automation supports patients by making healthcare more accessible and predictable. Many individuals struggle to remember follow-ups or understand complex medical guidance. Automated systems simplify this journey.

Key patient-facing automation benefits include:

Reminders for medications and appointments
Preventive health notifications
Personalized care tips
AI-driven chat support for common queries
Post-consultation guidance delivery
Automated sharing of doctor notes and reports

SecondMedic uses automation to ensure patients remain engaged throughout their health journey.

Automation and AI: A Powerful Combination

AI enhances healthcare automation by making it adaptive and context-aware. Instead of following fixed rules, AI learns from patterns, outcomes, and user behavior to optimize workflows.

AI strengthens automation through:

Predictive recommendations
Dynamic scheduling adjustments
Automated report summaries
Early detection of errors
Smart escalation of high-risk cases

This combination powers advanced clinical systems that support both providers and patients.

Challenges in Implementing Healthcare Automation in India

Automation requires planning, infrastructure, and careful integration. Key challenges include:

Fragmented patient data across facilities
Infrastructure limitations in rural areas
Varying digital readiness across hospitals
Need for staff training
Ensuring compliance with DPDP and ABDM standards

Despite these challenges, adoption is increasing as digital health becomes mainstream.

The Future of Digital Healthcare Automation in India

India is poised for significant automation growth, driven by advancements in AI, 5G connectivity, cloud platforms, and interoperable health records. Over the next decade, digital healthcare automation will include:

AI-powered hospital command centers
Fully automated radiology and pathology workflows
Robotic process automation (RPA) in administrative processes
Automated care coordination for chronic diseases
Voice-based digital assistants for patient queries
Smart triage algorithms integrated across telemedicine networks
Predictive automation for emergency care

SecondMedic is building a modern digital ecosystem that integrates AI, automation, and predictive healthcare tools, creating a seamless and intelligent healthcare experience for users.

Conclusion

Digital healthcare automation India is unlocking a new era of efficiency, precision, and patient-centered care. By automating clinical workflows, diagnostic tasks, and patient engagement processes, healthcare organizations can deliver faster, more reliable services. Automation supports doctors with real-time insights, reduces administrative burdens, and ensures that patients receive timely interventions.

SecondMedic continues to lead this transformation by integrating automation into virtual care, diagnostics, monitoring, and preventive health solutions, shaping the future of digital healthcare in India.

To access advanced automated digital healthcare tools, visit www.secondmedic.com

References

NITI Aayog – Digital Health India
ABDM – National Digital Health Mission
IMARC – Healthcare Automation Market India
WHO – Digital Health Workflow Automation
FICCI – Hospital Automation India

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