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Published on: Sep 19, 2021
2 minute read
By: Second Medic Expert

What Is Hyperglycemia, And How Is It Controlled?

What is hyperglycemia, and how is it controlled?

Hyperglycemia is an elevated level of glucose in the blood. Diabetes mellitus and impaired insulin secretion are the most common causes, and it can be controlled through diet and exercise.

Diabetes management consists primarily of following a carefully planned individualized diet that helps prevent over-or under-nutrition as well as traditional diseases such as heart disease, stroke, certain cancers, high blood pressure, obesity, and others. Remaining physically active is also crucial to maintaining optimal wellness for people with diabetes--as well as those who want to keep their diabetes from getting worse!

Hyperglycemia is when your blood sugar levels are at least 120 mg/dL. This is classified as a non-ketotic diabetic coma. It can be controlled by eating healthy (eating fruit, vegetables, and sugars), regulating insulin infusions, and taking medications like metformin to decrease the amount of sugar in your bloodstream or sulfonylureas that stimulate the pancreas' beta cells to produce more insulin. Hyperglycemia is the result of too much glucose in your bloodstream. You can control it through diet and exercise, but diabetes treatment medication is often necessary.

Your body regulates blood sugar by releasing insulin when you eat carbohydrates. This makes cells release their energy stores to make up for what's consumed. When this isn't enough, insulin levels are boosted with medications, or doctors instruct patients to start injecting themselves with insulin instead." Hyperglycemia is a condition in which the blood sugar level becomes dangerously high. To control hyperglycemia, you can either reduce your food intake or increase your exercise. Both methods are effective at restoring the body's proper functioning and managing blood glucose levels.

Hyperglycemia is typically caused by diabetes, or more specifically by insulin problems, too much alcohol consumption, dehydration, or intense exercise. It's controlled by monitoring your blood sugar levels with a finger prick test looking for unhealthy spikes and rapid drops in blood sugar levels.

Hyperglycemia can generally be controlled with diet and lifestyle changes because it's primarily characterized by increased glucose levels in the bloodstream, not severe drops in glucose levels that typically happen for diabetes patients. This means that eating fewer carbs (especially refined sugars), exercising more often, and managing stress can usually regulate hyperglycemic symptoms like fatigue and headache without the need to take medication like insulin injections.

Hyperglycemia is controlled by diet and various drugs, such as insulin and Metformin. Hyperglycemia can be caused by not taking enough insulin or if you are eating food that contains sugars like candy, soda, cake, etc.

Some common causes for Hyperglycemia are eating too many high glycemic index foods, having inadequate control of type 1 diabetes through insulin injections, obesity, and childbirth.

Diabetics should monitor their blood sugar levels at least four times per day using a self-monitoring kit so that they can quickly treat it before it reaches very dangerous or even fatal levels. If you suspect you have hyperglycemia without checking your blood sugars yet take immediate steps to keep your glucose under control by drinking water, breaking carbohydrates up in small portions throughout the day to decrease spikes in insulin production, breaking down proteins in smaller doses

When the body metabolizes carbohydrates into glucose, any excess of this sugar in the bloodstream (and cells) will cause blood sugar levels to soar. There are four ways to reduce small amounts of hyperglycemia--medications like metformin or cromolyn sodium; physical activity; diet; and weight loss. Dietary restriction, for example by reducing carbohydrate intake, can lower blood sugar up to 60% (depending on how many carbohydrates you eat).

Controlling hyperglycemia is done by lowering the amount of glucose that enters the bloodstream, also known as prevention through healthy eating habits and regular physical activity. Controlling medication can be used to keep blood glucose levels within the normal range if they're too high or too low. For patients with diabetes, controlling insulin dosage or adding diabetes medications may help to control hyperglycemia more effectively than diet alone. It's important for people on any medication regime not to change the dosage on their own but instead check with their doctor first so as not to put themselves at risk for adverse side effects that may result from improperly regulated dosages.

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Symptoms of Chronic Inflammation in the Body: Early Warning Signs Explained

Inflammation is a natural defense mechanism that helps the body fight infections and heal injuries. However, when inflammation persists for months or even years without a clear cause, it becomes chronic. Chronic inflammation can silently damage tissues and increase the risk of serious diseases.

In India, rising cases of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and autoimmune disorders are often linked to long-term inflammatory processes. Recognizing the symptoms of chronic inflammation in the body is essential for early prevention and treatment.

What Is Chronic Inflammation?

Acute inflammation is short-term and occurs in response to injury or infection. Chronic inflammation, on the other hand, is:

Persistent
Low-grade
Often symptomatically subtle
Linked to long-term health conditions

It may occur due to unhealthy lifestyle habits, stress, obesity or underlying disease.

Common Symptoms of Chronic Inflammation

1. Persistent Fatigue

Ongoing tiredness that does not improve with rest may indicate systemic inflammation.

Inflammatory chemicals in the body can interfere with energy production.

2. Joint and Muscle Pain

Unexplained pain, stiffness or swelling in joints may suggest inflammatory conditions such as arthritis.

Pain may:

Last for weeks
Worsen in the morning
Occur without injury

3. Digestive Issues

Chronic inflammation may affect the gut, leading to:

Bloating
Diarrhea or constipation
Abdominal discomfort
Food sensitivities

Gut health and immune function are closely connected.

4. Frequent Infections

A weakened immune response due to chronic inflammation may result in:

Recurrent colds
Slow wound healing
Persistent sore throat

5. Skin Problems

Inflammatory skin conditions include:

Acne
Eczema
Psoriasis
Rashes

Persistent skin issues may reflect internal inflammation.

6. Brain Fog and Mood Changes

Inflammation can affect brain function, causing:

Difficulty concentrating
Memory issues
Irritability
Low mood

Mental and physical health are interconnected.

7. Unexplained Weight Changes

Inflammation may disrupt metabolism, leading to:

Abdominal weight gain
Difficulty losing weight

Obesity itself can further promote inflammation.

Causes of Chronic Inflammation

Common contributing factors include:

Poor diet high in processed foods
Excess sugar intake
Smoking
Alcohol abuse
Chronic stress
Lack of exercise
Sleep deprivation
Environmental pollution

Addressing these factors is essential for prevention.

Diseases Linked to Chronic Inflammation

Long-term inflammation is associated with:

Type 2 diabetes
Cardiovascular disease
Cancer
Autoimmune disorders
Fatty liver disease
Alzheimer’s disease

Early intervention reduces risk significantly.

How to Reduce Chronic Inflammation Naturally

1. Adopt an Anti-Inflammatory Diet

Include:

Fresh fruits and vegetables
Whole grains
Nuts and seeds
Fatty fish
Olive oil

Avoid processed foods and excessive sugar.

2. Exercise Regularly

Moderate physical activity lowers inflammatory markers.

Aim for at least 30 minutes daily.

3. Manage Stress

Chronic stress increases inflammatory hormones.

Practice:

Meditation
Yoga
Deep breathing exercises

4. Improve Sleep

7–8 hours of quality sleep supports immune regulation.

5. Maintain Healthy Weight

Reducing excess body fat lowers inflammation levels.

6. Avoid Smoking and Limit Alcohol

Both habits promote inflammatory responses in the body.

When to Seek Medical Advice

Consult a healthcare professional if you experience:

Persistent fatigue
Joint swelling
Recurrent infections
Unexplained pain
Long-lasting digestive problems

Blood tests such as C-reactive protein (CRP) may help assess inflammation levels.

Chronic Inflammation in the Indian Context

Rapid urbanization, sedentary lifestyle and dietary shifts in India have contributed to increasing inflammatory-related diseases. Public awareness about preventive measures can significantly reduce healthcare burden.

Early lifestyle changes play a crucial role in improving long-term outcomes.

Conclusion

Chronic inflammation may present subtle symptoms such as fatigue, joint pain, digestive issues and brain fog. Although often overlooked, long-term inflammation can increase the risk of serious diseases.

Adopting healthy eating habits, regular exercise, stress management and adequate sleep can help reduce inflammation naturally. Recognizing early warning signs and seeking medical advice when needed ensures better long-term health.

Taking proactive steps today can prevent major complications tomorrow.

References

Indian Council of Medical Research – Chronic Disease Reports
World Health Organization – Non-Communicable Disease Guidelines
National Institute of Nutrition India – Dietary Recommendations
Lancet Global Health – Inflammation Research
Journal of Clinical Medicine – Chronic Inflammation Studies

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